Part A of the second class on lids deals with the palpebral fissure, eyelid retractors (levator aponeurosis and Muller’s muscle) and protractors (orbicularis oculi). It discusses the lid to globe apposition, factors responsible for vertical and horizontal tautness of the lids, including the canthal ligaments and tarsus. Horizontal lid laxity leading to entropion and ectropion is explained. A brief outline of management of involutional ectropion and entropion is given.
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Part B of the second class on lids deals with the pathogenesis of ectropion and entropion. Ectropion is classified as congenital, involutional, paralytic, cicatricial and mechanical. Entropion is classified as congenital, acute spastic, involutional and cicatricial. The clinical features and consequences of ectropion and entropion are discussed. A brief mention is made of surgical procedures for the management of these conditions.
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To evaluate your understanding and recall of the topic attempt the quiz below. It contains MCQs on eyelid retractors, entropion and ectropion.
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References | 1. | Diseases of the lids. In: Parsons' Diseases of the eye. 20th ed. Sihota R, Tandon R eds. Elsevier; 2007. | |
| 2. | Basic and Clinical Science Course. Orbit, Eyelids, and Lacrimal System. American Academy of Ophthalmology. 2006-2007. | |
| 3. | Duane's Ophthalmology 1997. CD-ROM Edition. |
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